Leadership is a journey, not a destination. This concept is beautifully captured by John C. Maxwell in his renowned competency framework, the Five Levels of Leadership. Understanding these levels provides a roadmap for personal growth and development, helping leaders navigate their way to higher levels of influence and effectiveness.

Introduction to John Maxwell’s Levels of Leadership

John C Maxwell, the prominent leadership expert, introduces us to a structured path that leaders can follow to enhance their abilities. His book, “The 5 Levels of Leadership,” outlines a progressive journey from position to pinnacle. Each level builds on the previous one, emphasising that true leadership is earned, not given and that each foundational leadership skill is built on at each stage. As Maxwell says,

“No matter where you are in your leadership journey, never forget that what got you to where you are won’t get you to the next level.”

Level 1: Position

The first level of leadership is the starting point. Here, people follow you because they have to. This level is based on the rights granted by the position or title you hold. At this stage, your influence is limited to your job description, and people tend to give the minimum effort required. This is summed up by Maxwell in this way,

“When people follow a leader because they have to, they will do only what they have to. People don’t give their best to leaders they like least. They give reluctant compliance, not commitment. They may give their hands but certainly not their heads or hearts.”

While it may seem like a humble beginning, it’s crucial to recognise that every leader starts here. The key is not to remain at this level but to view it as a stepping stone to more impactful leadership.

Example: One of the first leadership positions I was ever given was as a Cub Scout when I was still in primary school. I had very little idea of how to lead and at that point, the ideas I did have were largely negative, leading to some of my earliest leadership failures. My group only followed because I was named their “Sixer”, the nominated figurehead. The good news is, that despite my failings, I learned a lot and this helped me progress to the next level.

Level 2: Permission

At the Permission level, leadership becomes more personal. People begin to follow you because they want to. This is where relationships are formed, and trust is established. Leaders at this level work on connecting with their team members, understanding their needs, and genuinely caring for them.

Building strong relationships is essential to move beyond this level. As John Maxwell puts it,

“You can love people without leading them, but you cannot lead people well without loving them.”

Example: While at university I went on an expedition, searching for archaeological remains in the jungles of Central America. I loved the environment, the task and my team. I was not an official leader at the beginning, but my experience and passion meant that people started to choose to follow me.

Level 3: Production

The Production level is where leaders start to make things happen. Here, people follow you because of what you have done for the organisation. Your influence grows because of your contributions and accomplishments. Productivity and performance become the hallmark of your leadership. Maxwell points out that,

“The challenge of leadership is to create change and facilitate growth.”

At this stage, leaders focus on setting and achieving goals, driving results, and creating a sense of momentum. They lead by example, demonstrating a strong work ethic and a commitment to excellence.

Example: While serving in the Army, as a Bomb Disposal Officer, I reached this level of leadership. After some time in command, I gained enough leadership ability to be more than just my job title and enough experience to be able to truly contribute to the larger organisation.

Level 4: People Development

Level 4 is about empowering others. Leaders at this stage recognize that their success is multiplied by developing new leaders. People follow you because of what you have done for them personally. This level is characterised by mentorship, coaching, and the growth of individuals within the team. As Maxwell notes,

“Good leadership isn’t about advancing yourself. It’s about advancing your team.”

Developing others requires patience, dedication, and a willingness to invest in people. It’s about helping others reach their potential and creating a culture of empowerment and continuous learning.

Example: I experienced this level of leadership while leading volunteers in a non-profit setting. Not only did I have to learn about transformational leadership and vision setting, I also actively started to develop the young leaders who were among the volunteers. It was deeply gratifying to see them grow and take ever greater responsibility as they progressed on their own leadership journey.

Level 5: Pinnacle

The Pinnacle level is the summit of leadership. At this stage, people follow you because of who you are and what you represent. It is the level where leadership transcends individual accomplishments and becomes a legacy.

Reaching the Pinnacle requires a lifetime of learning and growing. As Maxwell says,

“Leaders don’t rise to the pinnacle of success without developing the right set of attitudes and habits; they make every day a masterpiece.”

Leaders at this level have a profound impact on their organisations and communities. They inspire future generations of leaders and leave a lasting legacy.

Example: The reason I share my leadership journey is about legacy. I have benefitted from many other leaders throughout my development and now, through my coaching, this website, my YouTube channel and online courses, I want to give something back and aspire to this top level of leadership.

Applying the Five Levels of Leadership

Understanding the five levels is just the beginning. Applying them requires intentional action and commitment. Here are some practical steps to help you progress through the levels:

Building Relationships

At every level, relationships are key. Invest time in getting to know your team, building trust, and creating a supportive environment. Communication is vital, so listen actively and engage in meaningful conversations.

Driving Results

Focus on achieving tangible outcomes. Set clear goals, measure progress, and celebrate successes. Your ability to deliver results will boost your credibility and influence.

Developing Others

Identify potential leaders within your team and provide opportunities for growth. Offer mentorship and support, and encourage a culture of learning and development.

Embracing Lifelong Learning

Leadership is an ongoing journey. Stay curious and open to new ideas. Seek feedback, learn from your experiences, and continuously improve your skills. As Maxwell states,

“To be effective, leaders must always be learners. You can never arrive – you can only strive to get better.”

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Using Maxwell’s 5 Levels of Leadership

Maxwell’s Five Levels of Leadership provide a framework for personal and professional growth. By understanding and applying these levels, you can assess your own abilities, enhance your leadership skills and take a step up to make a positive impact on your organisation and beyond.

Remember, leadership is a journey. Embrace the process, learn from each level, and strive to reach the Pinnacle. In doing so, you’ll not only grow as a leader but also inspire others to follow in your footsteps.

If you would like another perspective on the levels of leadership and the skills to help you progress, then read:

Leadership Skills: The Five-Level Competency Framework